Despite the unconstitutional nature of the CFPB’s original structure, the agency’s civil investigative demand was enforceable since the current removable director of the agency had ratified the issuance of the CID. The constitutional infirmity related solely to the CFPB’s director, not to the agency itself or its staff which had issued the CID. Seila law could not resist the CID on statute of limitations grounds, and the statute of limitations barred only enforcement actions, not preliminary investigative steps like the CID.